Synthetic biology enables microbes to build muscle cells or any other cell group.

Genetically engineered bacteria can be used to make muscle proteins and muscle cells. In medical use, that kind of bacteria can use to make the cloned muscle cells. That is created by using the patient's DNA. In that case, the patient's DNA will be separated from the muscle cells. Or any other wanted cell type). 

And then that DNA will be multiply by using PCR. After that DNA will transform into a virus that will be injected into the nucleus of bacteria. The own DNA must be terminated during that process. 

That thing can use to make muscle tissue for the patients, whose muscles are destroyed. But the same technology can use to make all other tissues. This kind of thing can use to make a large number of patients whose tissues are destroyed. 

But even if that technology is far away in the future artificial muscle cells can use to make food for people. 

Synthetic biology allows making the meat in cell cultures. That thing would give the solution for the ethics of meat production. If the meat is made in the cell cultures. That thing allows us to make the beef without harming the single living animal. 

But the microchip technology gives more interesting and advanced ideas than just creating food for people. The meat is forming of the muscle cells. 

The artificial muscles can use to move the robots. 

And that means the same technology that is used to make the meat for slices of beef can make the muscle cells for artificial muscles. The system can use the nanotechnical microprocessors for giving the electric stimulant for the nerves of the artificial muscles. Artificial muscles can use for making prostheses. 

But they can also be used to move the hands and legs of the robots. In that case, the central processing unit can give orders to the nano processors that are stimulating the nerves and muscles. That kind of robot can be acting under the control of the quantum processors. The data transmission can be done by using the WLAN systems. 

()https://phys.org/news/2021-08-synthetic-biology-enables-microbes-muscle.html

()Image:()https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2018/07/15/10/44/dna-3539309__340.jpg

()https://kimmoswritings.blogspot.com/

Can the "Internet of things" sometimes replace long-range transportation?

In the film above this text is the fastest ship in the world. The ground-effect aircraft can easily be the size of the ship. But it's hard to control, and the needed aviation systems need fuel. So what if we would replace the cargo ships by using automatic factories. The CAD images of the products can send over the internet to the 3D printer factories. 

The 3D printers are perfect CAM (Computer-Aided Manufacturing) systems because they are flexible. In those systems, the 3D printers are operating in a vacuum. And that allows those factories to make extremely high accurate metal parts where are no bubbles inside them. 

The idea of the world where the objects are sent to the internet for the receiver, where is the 3D printer came into my mind one day when I walked over the post boxes. The idea might seem funny, but why in those mailboxes cannot be the 3D printers, and that allows making the stuff in those boxes.  That means the people would send the data of the gift to the printer. 

And that will make the tool in the mailbox by using the 3D printer. But can that thing be possible someday? Who knows where the wind blows.  What if all of us would have our 3D printer in our mailbox, and when we want something, we just pay the license and the printer will make that product for us. 

3D printers can create flawless and high-quality machine parts by using carbon fiber and metals. If those 3D printers operate in a vacuum they can make the parts where are no bubbles. And use laser finalizing tools can make those systems make high-quality parts. The problem with those high-temperature systems is that they can use to make illegal weapon parts. 

Technically it's possible to send the 3D CAD images to the remote-control 3D printer over the ocean and that 3D printer will make the physical object by following the drawings and orders. The reason why the 3D-printed metal parts do have not the same quality as the regular way cast products is simple. There is air in the process. If the 3D printer system working in the air, there are air bubbles in the product. 

If the air is removed and the system uses the vacuum and laser systems for finishing the layer. The 3D printer can produce metal parts that have at least the same quality as the regularly made metal parts. And this technology is advancing. The Saab aircraft corporation has tested the 3D printed parts for the jet engines. That means the 3D printers must re-estimate. The things like weapon parts can make by using high-temperature 3D printers that are transformed welding machines. 

The computer-controlled MIG welding machine which is operating in a perfect vacuum and transformed into the 3D printer might not alone make the very accurate machine parts. But if the system has the laser scanner and the laser-based finishing tool, where the high-accurate laser ray will finish the object the accuracy of the system is extremely high. And that means that this kind of tool must have some kind of control. 

But another thing is that if the images of the physical objects are sent to the robot factories that are basing the 3D printing technology through the Internet that will remove at least partially the need for long-range transportation. And that will remove the bills of the cargo. The robot factories are not very big. The size of those fully automatized factories might be like the container. 

()https://kimmoswritings.blogspot.com/2021/08/can-internet-of-things-sometimes.html

When are the first everyday quantum computers coming for users?

The beginning of the quantum era will be cloud-based quantum computing. Quantum computers will use over the internet. 

The first every-user quantum computers would be servers that are operated through the Internet. But sooner or later the first quantum laptops are coming to the supermarkets. The silicon-based microchips might say for a while as controllers of the subsystems. But that kind of system will turn to old fashion. 

Practical quantum computing can be already at the door, but what does that term mean? When we are talking about practical computing, we are forgetting that there are many types of computers. And the most powerful systems are far away from our desks. They are deep inside the ground and regular users do not even know about their existence. We can have access to those computers through the "cloud". 

The cloud means that the user doesn't know what type of computer working with the problem. That is reserved for that certain user. The AI can help the cloud for solving the capacity problem. When the user asks the computer time from the cloud. In the intelligent cloud, the AI-based system will share the problem with the computer, which is the most suitable for the operation. 

If the formula doesn't require the most powerful computers that problem can deliver to the servers that are lower level. That thing can make by using the ticket, where is asked the purpose of the formula. And that thing will reserve the most powerful systems for the most complicated calculations. The regular encryption algorithms don't require the same calculation power as calculations needed for complex protein simulations. 

The twilight of silicon-based computers doesn't mean that the separation between regular and supercomputers will not end. In the quantum era, the separation looks similar to that is today. 

And that is:

-Quantum supercomputers

-And regular quantum  computers

The era of silicon-based computers is ending. But the problems with computing are staying the same. Quantum computing allows more and more complicated algorithms. And that means the algorithms are starting to turn heavier and longer. Nobody knows the future of quantum computing. And nobody knows when the first quantum laptops are in the superstores. But the advantage is faster than any time before. 

The nervous connection can revolutionize computing the same way with quantum computing. 

The human nervous system can connect to the computer by using the next-generation data gloves that are delivering EEG curves to the computer. Or the neural connection can install in the mouse or mousepad, where the receivers and transmitters are exchanging information straight between nerves and computer. 

But the quantum technology allows controlling the computers by using the BCI (Brain-Computer Interface). Or we must rather say NCI (Neural Computer interface). The neural port to the computer is not necessarily in the head of the user. The computer can communicate with the human nervous system by using any point of the human nervous system. The next-generation data gloves are using the neural connection. 

The idea of the human nervous boosted computers is that the system uses the "empty brain capacity" for making the solutions. The interface will put the data travel around the nervous system before it will return to the processor.

That means the interface uses the hand nerves for transmitting data to the human nervous system and back to the computer. Or the system can be installed on the mouse or mousepad, and that thing allows that the computer puts the data travel through the human nervous system, and back to it. This kind of system can bring an extremely powerful capacity to computing. 

()https://kimmoswritings.blogspot.com/2021/08/when-are-first-everyday-quantum.html

The advanced civilizations can adjust the brightness of the stars by using Dyson's spheres.

(Image I)

Theoretically adjusting the brightness of the stars is quite easy. There is needed only the large number of satellites that are aiming the microwave or laser radiation to the star. Or the entire star can surround by using a megastructure called Dyson's sphere.

Dyson's sphere-type megastructures can use for creating even stars. The advanced civilization can control entire stars and collect energy by using Dyson's spheres. The enormous megastructure will surround the entire stars and back holes and collect the energy from those objects. 

That is one vision of how the extremely advanced civilization can operate at the interstellar level. In some visions, the extremely large-size Dyson's spheres can also use to make stars. The system would act like this. The needed parts are two Dyson's spheres. One of them is a surrounding star or black hole, and another will go in the interstellar nebula. 

Then the system starts to collect hydrogen ions in the middle of it, and then it starts to stress it by using lasers and microwaves. At that point, another Dyson's spheres will deliver energy for the first one. The Dyson's sphere must just collect enough hydrogen in the middle of it. And the self-sustaining fusion is starting. So Dyson's sphere will create the artificial star in it.  

(Image II)

The black holes can also protect the futuristic spacecraft that can travel between stars in the far future. 

The theoretical civilizations can also use black holes as the power sources for their space systems. And the black holes can protect the alien crafts against the attacks. 

The term "Dyson's sphere" doesn't necessarily mean the megastructure that is surrounding the entire star. The same term is also used for the ball-shaped space stations and spacecraft that are like the "Death Star" from the Star Wars movie. In the most conventional version in the middle of that ball is formed artificial sun by sending the radio waves to its core. That thing allows producing food like vegetables on board of that kind of space station that is traveling in the solar system. 

But they can also be more capable than just cruising in the solar systems. Those ball-shaped space stations can travel between stars, and there can be virtualized Tipler cylinders in them. In that version, there is the fast-rotating plasma between the layers of the ball. And that plasma can stop the time in the system. The energy source for those futuristic space stations can be artificial black holes. Or those hypothetical aliens can surround the natural black hole by using the absolute symmetric ball. 

The black hole can give energy and thrust for that space station, which can travel between stars or even galaxies. The crew or the AI that controls the station can adjust the way, where the space station goes by opening hatches away from the route of the radiation of the black hole. The black hole will also protect the space station. If its core is damaged that thing opens the black hole to the space, and then it can suck the entire solar system in it. 

That thing can be useful in hypothetical situations. Those are introduced in the painting above this part of the text. The alien craft has come to another solar system and the reception is hostile. Maybe that kind of situation can happen in the far future when human colonists are traveling between the stars. 

Also, if there is a black hole in the ball-shaped space station it can suck energy away from its core.  If the laser or some other energy rays are impacting the core of the system the energy goes into the black hole. The ball-shaped structure helps to keep the station in the form. Because the black hole cannot pull the ball in it. 

That thing can protect the craft against hostile actions. In that case, the purpose of the black hole is the same as the role of the nuclear reactor is in the aircraft carriers. If the aircraft carrier is under attack and the core of the nuclear reactor is damaged. That can cause pollution. The same way the black hole can protect the ball-shaped space station against attacks. 

Image I:()https://scitechdaily.com/advanced-civilizations-could-be-using-dyson-spheres-to-collect-unimaginable-energy-from-black-holes/

Image II:()Pinterest 

()https://kimmoswritings.blogspot.com/2021/08/the-advanced-civilizations-can-adjust.html

Can we control the development of artificial intelligence?

The problem with controlling AI and its development is that the technology behind that thing is open source. The AI is in the center of the ICT development and the entire ICT infrastructure is different than any other business area. 

The development tools for making the new software have a very low price. And everyone can learn programming languages. That means the R&D (Research and Development) process in the ICT and especially the software development is extensive. 

Many of the processes in the ICT industry is not controlled by leaders of the corporations. They are lead from the "downstairs". And the thing is that AI is starting to develop itself. The development process of AI is always similar to the other development processes. 

1)Assay or recognition of the need to make something different. 

2)Planning how to make those changes

3)implementation or making the thing real

4)Testing how the changes will act with the existing platform

5)Maintaining making system more and more effective

And finally... 

Make another assay for the new system. And begin the development process again. The thing in the ICT sector is that the platforms must develop all the time. Whenever somebody has created the "perfect system". There is always the competitor who is making a better system. The non-stop development process is one of the things, that are making the company successful. And of course, to markets must offer better and new products. 

In the world of artificial intelligence, the need is to make new and more complicated solutions for making things like data security better. And that brings the race between hacking and data protective tools. But the artificial intelligence doesn't work only in the sector of data protection. The term artificial intelligence means only the learning machines. 

Artificial intelligence can test many types of passwords. The development of quantum computers means that more and more complicated code can run on new platforms. And the power of quantum computers means that every data security algorithm must renew. 

But if artificial intelligence develops itself, it can observe things, how it makes something. Then if the operation fails the system makes the report where the failure is. And that report can use for making new abilities for the AI.  But the self-developing AI can use the selective system for analyzing the reason why the system is ineffective. And then it can search the solutions for the failure by using a search algorithm.

Polish novelist Stanislaw Lem predicted drone swarms in his novels "Peace on Earth" and "The Invincible".  

The new system can be that the quantum computer is acting as the central processing unit. And the binary processors are operating the subsystems like quadcopters. The quadcopter swarms can operate under the control of the quantum computer, and each member of the drone swarm can deliver the data to the central processor and also with other drone swarms. 

In the novel "Peace on Earth" Stanislaw Lem introduced the idea of the self-developing armament. That prediction is now true. The creepy laugh of that writer is echoing all around when he sees the advantages of nanomachines and AI. In the novel "Peace on Earth" Lem introduces the system that contains two artificial intelligence blocks. The developing simulator. And then the selective simulator. 

The developing simulator is developing the system or weapons. The selective system goes to fight against those weapons. The system works by using the method that when the developing system is making the system, the selective system tries to find the weaknesses from that simulated system. Then it makes the report what thing was wrong. And then the developing system is making the repairings. 

In the novel "The Invincible", Lem predicted the nanomachines or drone swarms. Those systems are cheap to make and if one part of them is destroyed. The replacement part of the entirety is easy to make. In that novel, the enemy of the starship "Invincible" was the drone swarms that are forming the entirety that was AI controlled. Those drones could be quadcopters that were made in the robot factories. Those drones used microwave systems for terminating enemies. And here I must say that the technology on Earth is high enough for making that kind of drone swarms. 

The data handling process with the hybrid computing system is that the main processor unit will be the quantum computer. And that system is interacting with binary processor-controlled drones. But that drone swarm can also be independently operating entirety. This kind of artificial controlled system might be the biggest opportunity and biggest threat at the same time. The possibilities of AI are limitless in the productive and destructive roads. 

()https://kimmoswritings.blogspot.com/2021/08/can-we-control-development-of.html

The new materials are not just "materials". They are intelligent entireties that can repair themselves.

The image above this text is portraying the cube of the physical model of the universe. But it can also portray the new type of hybrid materials that are created for the space programs. That material must only cover by using metal layers. And it's suitable for space missions because there are very small contact layers between outer layers. 

The material is not conducting thermal energy through it. That kind of hairy material can also form a single-used heat cover. In that case, the material is vaporizing and takes the heat away from it. But if that material is connected with a 3D printer system. That allows remaking that layer again after the heat stress. This material can be made by using every kind of fiber like wool. 

In that case, the cultured cells that are forming the wool are installed in small robots. Those robots are carrying cell cultures, that are forming the calls that are making the fibers. That is covering the layer by using this material. Those robots might have a small pressure chamber, where is the air. And injecting those fibers can be made through that pressure chamber if the system must operate in the vacuum of space. That layer could protect the solid layers against thermal stress in spacecraft. 

And that makes the material a good thermal insulator. In the new 3D nanomaterials the form of the structure is in the key role. The material that is used in those structures is no matter. And the well-known materials can get new abilities when they are equipped with nano-structures like nanobubbles. 

The nanobubbles that are making things like beer extremely hard are the best example of the case. How the 3D nanostructures are affecting the material. And the nanobubbles can also give new abilities for the thing like cellulose. The nanobubbles can also be used for repairing the material damages in the structures. 

The idea of the self-repairing materials created by Interplanetary society and their  "Daedalus study project". The hypothetical interstellar spacecraft will have sub-robots that are used as 3D printers. The mission of those robots is to repair the damaged core of the spacecraft. 

Lockheed-Martin has created artificial robot spiders that can repair mylar or kevlar structures automatically. They can automatically repair the high-altitude robot airships used for the observation and communication boost missions.  And also there is the possibility that inside the aircraft are put the spider-robots. Those are used for making the repairments for the core of aircraft.  The high-temperature working methods are allowing to print metal or carbon fiber in the damage points. 

The new materials are not just materials. They are intelligent entireties which are containing microchip control abilities. In the material might be fibers, that are cutting in certain points. And in those points is the magnetized particles that can use to pull the fibers back in form. That thing makes those materials self-repairing. 

In the newest layers is the microchips that are feeling touch. And give orders for beginning the self-repairing process. But those microchips can also be used as the central computers of the spacecraft. In that case, the computers are integrated into the structures of the vehicle. And that leaves room for the cargo. 

The same way computers can integrate into the structures of buildings and nanotechnology along with intelligent particles can observe the damages in the structures. The self-repairing structures can make by using the microcircuit-looking robots that are taking their place in the entirety. The self-repairing biological materials can be bacteria or diatomic bacteria. 

At the first, the system delivers regular bacteria to the layer, and then the virus would transform them to make the silicon core for them. The self-replicating molecules like carbon chains can also make by using bacterial. There is the possibility that the bacteria is manipulating for creating the carbon chains. That kind of carbon chain can be used as the wires in the nanotechnological microprocessors. 

Even if regular computing turns to run on the quantum computers. The binary microchips can be used for controlling the movements of the angles of the prosthesis. Or the motors of nanomachines. In that model, the binary microchips are acting under the command of quantum computers. 

()https://www.moleaer.com/nanobubbles

()https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Daedalus

Image:()https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Structure_of_the_Universe.jpg/1251px-Structure_of_the_Universe.jpg

()https://kimmoswritings.blogspot.com/2021/08/the-new-materials-are-not-just.html

Small-size suborbital and orbital vehicles are interesting tools for civilian and military missions.

 Dawn Aerospace Mark II Aurora (Image I)

The new operator in the private spaceflight sector is New Zealander "Dawn Aerospace". That corporation's suborbital drone made its maiden flight and that means that there is worldwide interest in the small orbital and suborbital shuttles that can host manned or unmanned missions. 

The mission profile of those small spacecraft can also be hybrid. That means the shuttle can take the remote-control man-looking robot to the orbital, and that vehicle can operate independently or under remote control and fix the satellites which are damaged. 

The suborbital aircraft can make the ballistic jump out of the atmosphere by using two methods. In the first version, the launch will happen by using traditional rockets.  The smallest suborbital vehicles are using launch vehicles like Pegasus rocket which can launch from aircraft or rise to the high atmosphere by balloon before their rocket system is launched. 

And in the second version. The TAV (Trans Atmospheric Vehicle) can use Scramjet engines for accelerating itself in the atmosphere, for the speed that is high enough for the ballistic jump. The scramjet is the hypersonic jet engine that is allowing to flight over Mach 20. In that system, the scramjet is accelerating shuttle at the atmosphere and it makes the ballistic jump. The ballistic jump means that the vehicle rises out of the atmosphere and it can launch a small satellite in that mission. 

X-51 Hypersonic test vehicle under the B-52 (Image II) 

 

Larger size systems like HOTOL (High-Orbital Take-Off and Laund) shuttle can use regular jet engines for rising to higher atmosphere. The HOTOL was terminated in the 1990s. But the more advanced "Skylon" program replaced it. And then launch regular rocket engines. But the reason why Scramjet technology is developed is that because the system doesn't need an oxygen tank that thing will save the cargo space in that kind of vehicle. 

But from the point of view of the military. The small shuttles are offering a new and powerful platform for intelligence and other types of missions. Those shuttles can have kill vehicles, which they can use for destroying the recon, GPS, and communication satellites. 

Those kinds of systems are playing a vital role in targeting smart weapons.  And deliver launching codes for strategic submarines. But the suborbital vehicles can drop also bombs from space. The new hypersonic systems can also hit targets by using kinetic energy.  

When the speed of the vehicle is 20 000 km/h that causes extremely powerful impact energy. This thing makes them suitable for use in HGS (Hypersonic Glide systems). The small-size shuttles can carry nuclear weapons, and they can use as the new type of FOBS (Fractional Orbital Bombardment System)-weapons. Originally FOBS meant the Soviet system where nuclear warheads were positioned outside the atmosphere in the satellites.  

This is the extreme version of the kamikaze drones. The shuttle can send to orbital trajectory and if the strike is delayed that shuttle can bring the warhead back to base. But in the case of the strike, the system can just dive to target and launch its weapon. 

()https://www.dawnaerospace.com/

()https://www.defesanet.com.br/en/technology/noticia/29097/Hypersonic-Missiles--A-New-Proliferation-Challenge/

()https://www.space.com/dawn-aerospace-space-plane-first-test-flights-video

()https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractional_Orbital_Bombardment_System

()https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Aerospace_HOTOL

()https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skylon_%28spacecraft%29

(Image I):()https://www.dawnaerospace.com/

(Image II):()https://www.defesanet.com.br/en/technology/noticia/29097/Hypersonic-Missiles--A-New-Proliferation-Challenge/

()https://kimmoswritings.blogspot.com/2021/08/small-size-suborbital-and-orbital.html

Maybe the cyborg-spiders are creating the next-generation clothes and bulletproof vests.

Above is the image of a cyborg bug. And the same way the spider can be implanted by using microchips. The same microchips used for taking bugs under the control can use to control spiders. The tactical spiders can give venomous bites to enemies. But they can also use for productive work. 

The spider's net is one of the toughest materials in the world. That natural fiber is tougher than kevlar. But the thing that is making benefit that material difficult is how to produce that fiber. By using biotechnology is possible to culture the cells that are forming that material. Then that fiber is injected into the systems. 

There is one problematic thing in this process. That is making the canvas by using the spider's fiber. Theoretically benefiting the spider's net fiber is not more difficult than benefiting cotton or any other natural fiber like silk. But the maker of that masterpiece is one of the most feared animals in the world.  

The simplest idea for creating long enough fibers is to implant spiders by using microchips. And then the system will put them to walk back and forth on the layer. There are pins for help to keep the fiber thick before it can turn to cable or canvas. 

The cyborg spiders can of course replace by using the cultures or miniature tubes. The cells that are making the spider's net are put in those tubes, which are injecting the fiber for the factory. That thing makes the production of the fiber what is toughest. That can use for stopping ropes on the aircraft carriers. 

The cyborg spiders are one of the most interesting ideas for production. The idea is taken from the old folk story, where spiders knit the clothes for the knight. And that kind of system offers the perfect tool for making the weapons that are fitting the horror movies. The cyborg spiders are offering an idea about the assassination tool. 

The spider that is implanted with a microchip can slip into the house and terminate the target. Spiders like Black Widow are extremely dangerous, and even if one bite will not kill the target the multiple bites will make that thing. The risk of the implanted or cyborg spiders is that they would not be acting like normal spiders. 

()https://www.forbes.com/sites/kelseyatherton/2020/08/25/locust-bomb-sniffers-just-the-latest-military-insect-cyborg/?sh=ca3b2df3efaf

()https://www.wearethemighty.com/mighty-tactical/darpa-remote-control-insects/

Image:()

()https://www.forbes.com/sites/kelseyatherton/2020/08/25/locust-bomb-sniffers-just-the-latest-military-insect-cyborg/?sh=ca3b2df3efaf

()https://kimmoswritings.blogspot.com/2021/08/maybe-cyborg-spiders-are-creating-next.html

Does the universe have no beginning, as Stephen Hawking thought?

"Timeline of the metric expansion of the universe. Where space, including hypothetical non-observable portions of the universe, is represented at each time by the circular sections. On the left, the dramatic expansion occurs in the inflationary epoch; and at the center, the expansion accelerates (artist's concept; not to scale)". (Wikipedia, Big Bang)

The question is: is there even the beginning point for the universe? Is it possible that there was no beginning for the universe? In this text term "universe" means the bubble of material in space. And space means the dimension where that bubble of material is hovering. The Big Bang is the point of spacetime where the material is released to the universe or space. 

The reason why singularity theory has been dominated the discussions about the beginning of the universe. Is that we haven't believed that light or photons can turn to the material. And when we are talking about antimatter-matter annihilation. We must realize that annihilation happens between all particle-antiparticle pairs. So quark and its anti-quark are also annihilating like other particle and antiparticle pairs. 

Annihilation simply means that the particles are turning to energy. And the ability to form material from light or energy means anti-annihilation. So confirming that thing opens the new paths for the Big Bang theories. 

That thing means we should define the Big Bang to the point, where the material was forming in the universe and the new tests have proven that the material can form straight from the energy. So where that energy came from in the case of the Big Bang? Maybe it came from other universes. And here I mean the universe is like the bubble where all material existed. But the space continues beyond this bubble. 

And that causes the theory that the light quants impacted with photons and formed the electron-positron pairs, that formed annihilation called the Big Bang. So in this version of the Big Bang theories the universe, or the space where entire material that we know existed before the Big Bang. And there was some kind of wave movement that turned to the material. So the Big Bang released material to the space. But it didn't form the space, where the universe is. 

When the light forms material forms the electron-positron pairs that thing causes an interesting idea. Is it possible that when the Big Bang happened that thing formed two universes? 

So if we are thinking that way the original Big Bang happened outside our universe. In that process formed two clouds of particles. The electron clouds where electrons were the majority and that cloud formed our universe. 

And in the Big  Bang also released the positron cloud or the cloud where positrons were the majority and the electrons were the minority. Then the material formed through the annihilation from the electron-positron pairs to higher particles.  And that means that the same reaction should happen in that another universe. 

Those two universes are the universe where we are living and the antimaterial universe. That thing is causing interesting ideas about the things like alien creatures. We have noticed that the particle can turn matter to antimatter and backward. That means there is the possibility to travel between those universes. But the material must turn from material to antimatter. 

()https://www.livescience.com/einstein-equation-matter-from-light

()https://www.quantamagazine.org/physicists-debate-hawkings-idea-that-the-universe-had-no-beginning-20190606/

()https://qsstudy.com/physics/pure-energy-is-transformed-into-matter-antimatter-by-colliding-with-light

()https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annihilation

()https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Bang

()https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiverse

Image:()https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Bang

()https://kimmoswritings.blogspot.com/2021/08/does-universe-have-no-beginning-as.html

The killer robots and their ethics

The problem with research and development is that we are thinking things too much from our point. When somebody introduces something new, the answer is always "no way we must follow the traditional way". And the argument is that our grandparents made things like that. 

There are always people who are against new things and new ideas because the old rules fit them. Those people are generals who are sitting in headquarters. The people who might not like their role in the traditional military system are the men, who execute orders in 40 degrees temperature and dust. 

If that person shoots somebody who has no weapons, that means court-martial. In modern society, military men are facing psychological pressure in the field and at home. Growing recruitment problems are causing that the replacement for the human operators is looking for intensively. 

One answer for the problem is to outsource the operation to mercenaries. But if there are so-called illegal activities in those troops. Or convicted prisoners are participating in that operation that thing can cause political scandal. The other way to act is to outsource those military actions to robots. 

The thing is that we always forget that if we are not using some methods. There might be people who are using and pleasing those new methods welcome. 

The killer robots are inhumane weapons, but effective weapons are always inhumane. They fight against the humanitarian rules of the United Nations. So is it possible that any humanitarian aid will get to the hands of ordinary people in Pakistan or Afghanistan? There is a great possibility that humanitarian aid will go to the hands of combatants. Those targets that are destroyed should be confirmed being hands of the militants. 

The reason why those drones are used in killing operations is that closing those targets is difficult. If the terrorists get the warning, they will slip away. The problem with this kind of elimination is that there are no prisoners, and only prisoners can help to locate the training centers and supporters of the militants.

And another problem is that there are always neutral or civilian targets around those probably terror bases that are neutralized by using Hellfire missiles. The missile would make the same destructive and horrifying effect even it is shot from manned aircraft. The next step is the man-looking robots, which can take prisoners and avoid civilian casualties. 

So what is the answer to that problem? Let's start to develop SWAT robots, that can go inside the building. Those SWAT robots can operate in universal areas. And they can deliver to operational areas by using the space-launch systems. That means that the old-fashion robot aircraft are soon getting company from the man-looking robots that can go inside buildings and get prisoners. 

()https://kimmoswritings.blogspot.com/2021/08/the-killer-robots-and-their-ethics.html

Are we intelligent enough to see the intelligence of our creatures?

When we think that machines are not intelligent, we must find something that supports this thesis. The most usual argument is that we are putting limits on those machines. We are regulating the data what the machine gets and how it uses that data. So the machine cannot become more intelligent than we are, because we can stop it if it gets too much data for use. And that thing could be the worst mistake ever made. 

The creator of that idea didn't probably know about the internet and autonomous machine learning. Nowadays is possible that some algorithm is searching the data and store it. Without the user don't recognize it. And that thing makes the possibility that the machine knows things that the users and programmers are not stored in that system in purpose. 

Can computers be more intelligent than humans? Sometimes people are arguments that the machine cannot be more intelligent than humans by using the argument that humans are created machines, and that's why the machine cannot be more intelligent or smarter than their creators. The case is like can the descendant be more intelligent than their parents. 

Sometimes we are asked, "are we intelligent enough to see the intelligence of other species?". We are living in the "sapiens centric world". That means that we are thinking that there cannot be another intelligent species in the world or even the universe. The SETI program and search for extraterrestrial civilizations is accepted as science. Before that those things were just stories. 

Does the ability to win humans in chess make AI more intelligent than humans?

The thing is that artificial intelligence is winning humans in chess very easily. The new learning machines that can create new tactics and strategies on the chessboard are invincible. Those systems are calculating every each movement of those buttons very effectively. But those systems are also recording tactics that other players are using. That system makes the database by using the game records, and then it can mix those databases for selecting the most effective movements. 

But does that ability make the AI smarter than humans? Are the things like chess the description of intelligence? Or how we are describing the intelligence? The things like making the mathematical or some other formulas or modeling the quantum mechanical rules are sometimes described as "intelligence".

But the people who are working with those kinds of things might not even have a driver's license. That means those people cannot do everything in the world. Even the smartest mind in the world has a limit, is the thing, how we are thinking. Or is there some kind of limit? The theoretical knowledge doesn't necessarily mean. That there is some kind of possibility to make practical solutions to every problem modeled by theorists. And being a good quantum physicist or artificial intelligence researcher doesn't mean that those people are good chess players. 

()https://kimmoswritings.blogspot.com/2021/08/are-we-intelligent-enough-to-see.html

Can we someday find the intelligent and technologically advanced alien race?

Bottle-post between hypothetical colonies.

Communication is the most important thing if the civilization plans for creating space colonies. So how communication between stars can happen in real life? One of the forgotten ideas is that the colonies are sending bottle-post between the stars. 

The slow probe will travel between stars in thousands of years, and then it can send the data to the black hole that is formed in a certain time. The data will send to the past by using the black hole. And it should travel to the point in space and time where those hypothetical colonists created that black hole.  

That thing is one of the most interesting ideas.  The system benefits wormhole where is shot the laser ray.  The researchers of those hypothetical colonies can measure the changes in Hawking's radiation energy. And those changes can decode back to information that is sent from the future. 

The communication that happens between the interstellar colonies by using black holes is an interesting idea.  It's easier to make than some wormholes or quantum bridges. In the colonies is an artificial black hole that is created at a certain time. The idea is that the black holes will take the information to the point where they were born. 

And then another colony sends the normal, small probe to travel between stars. Then the probe arrives in another colony hundreds or thousands after it has launched. And then it will aim the laser to the black hole and sends it data to the past by using a laser ray that travels through the black hole. The thing is that there must be a list of the moments where the black holes are formed. And the communication happens by using bottle-mail between stars.

Can we someday find the intelligent and technologically advanced alien race? 

That is one of the biggest questions in the world. Finding the life-supporting planet doesn't necessarily mean that there is advanced alien civilization. And there is possible that the alien race uses some other frequency of electromagnetic radiation than we are using. We are just thinking that the alien race uses the same way radio frequencies for transmitting data. 

But communication between stars requires very much power even if the hypothetical aliens would use the same frequencies that we are using. There is one hypothesis that the aliens would not use enough powerful radio transmitters that we can hear them from the Earth. 

In another hypothesis, the aliens would use radio communication only in the close range. And if we want to drive a remote-control car 300 meters away from us, we might not use a 300-megawatt radio transmitter for that mission. And we might not use that power in everyday communication if we are sending the TV broadcast between cities. 

So can the alien hear us, or are our messages lost in the universe? Or can we hear alien radio transmission 300 light-years away from Earth? If they are using similar power that is used for routine transmitting on Earth can that signal travel to Earth and be separated from the cosmic radio background? And even if we can separate that signal, can we sure say that it is synthetic? 

If the signal is confirmed as non-natural. We must decide on what to do next? Should we try to make contact or just forget the thing? We cannot know if the alien is hostile or friendly, and in that case, we must realize that we don't know anything about those hypothetical aliens. 

There is introduced one explanation for the reason that we cannot contact aliens. And that thing is that the aliens are not using radio waves in long-range communication. They can use more high-energetic radiation like even gamma- or X-ray lasers as a long-range communication tool. That kind of communication system requires very much energy. But it can keep data safe. 

Another version of that hypothetical super communication system is that the communication system will send the X- or gamma-ray in the plasma wire. Communication lines can create also by using superpositioned and entangled particles. Or black holes that are forming the quantum bridge through the universe. But that requires an extremely powerful energy source for the communication system. 

Image:()https://www.wallpaperbetter.com/wallpaper/399/323/827/radio-telescopes-space-exploration-1080P-wallpaper-middle-size.jpg

https://kimmoswritings.blogspot.com/2021/08/can-we-someday-find-intelligent-and.html

Why calculating the clicks in the net is problematic?

The problem with the indexing system of the Internet is that it calculates only the clicks that homepages can get. And that thing means that the popularity of the homepages is determining the place where the homepage is in PageRank. The number of clicks is easy to fish by using some so-called "cheap methods". That means that the jokes and other things are increasing the clicks to the homepages. 

Some advertisement agencies are invoicing the customers by calculating clicks to their homepages. And that thing can cause very high bills. Because there is the possibility that the homepages are auto clicked. And if the hundreds of homepages are clicking the target all the time. That causes even millions of clicks per day. 

The system is calculating the clicks. And it would not even follow how long people are staying on those homepages. That thing causes that the people who are working in the service providers which payment bases the number of clicks. Is sometimes blamed that they are clicking the homepages of their clients. And that thing causes an increase in the bills. 

The problem is that the interest of advertising companies is not the same as the owners of the products or services. Advertising agencies need the clicks and that means for them is the same where those clicks are coming from. The automatic clicking system for a certain IP address is easy to create. The Chatbot can modify for auto click system very easily. 

When the person opens the program and then writes a certain home address, that will activate the loop that creates multiple clicks to the target. Or hacker can write that program by using C++ or some other programming languages. And if the system uses a fixed target address creating that program doesn't take a very long time.

And what people are thinking of the product is the same for those companies. There is introduced, that the AI-based system that follows how long the user of the certain IP address is spending in the homepages could be compulsory. And the system should detect does that user makes anything on the pages? That thing can make the system possible to eliminate the automatic clicks. If they are coming from a certain IP address. 

And if some programmer makes the series of homepages that are clicking targeted homepages that thing causes many clicks to targeted homepages. In those "auto-click" systems there is the number of homepages that are linked to entirety. And when one of those homepages gets a click it sends it forward. 

All others that are in the entirety are sending the click to the targeted homepage. That code is easy to find on the Internet. And it's made in PHP because the platform of the homepages may change. Sometimes that causes the change of the IP or the net address of the homepage. 

Or maybe the owner of the homepages is changing its name. And the customers must find the new homepages. So in the old homepages is made the code, that automatically transfers person to the new homepages. There is the possibility to make the code. That closes the tab while the system clicks the user forward. And that makes this kind of code-trap hard to detect. 

There is a possibility to create a series of homepages. That is sending the clicks to a certain homepage. When the user clicks some link, there is series of homepages and the user will "travel" through those homepages, that are automatically click to the next page. And there is a code that sends the clicks to targeted homepages. That thing rises the place of the homepages in PageRank. So the popularity of the homepages means more than the thing, what those homepages are involving. 

PageRank favors the well-known homepages. And what is the thing means? The homepages that are used for marketing the well-known products are getting more clicks. Or actually, the thing that is rising the position of the homepage is that people are clicking it.  The place where the homepage is in the PageRank means very much in that case. 

When people are searching for some product or service, they are not clicking too many homepages. They spend about 15 seconds on those pages, and if there is no response they are hitting the next homepage. That thing happens especially in the case that everyday products or services are bought from the net. When people are searching for things like clothes they are searching for well-known products. 

()https://kimmoswritings.blogspot.com/2021/08/why-calculating-clicks-in-net-is.html

The "Clearspace 1" collects junk out from space.

(Image I)"Illustration of Clearspace-1, a planned active debris removal mission". Credit: Clearspace SA "(Image: ScitechDaily)

The planned "Clearspace 1" is one of the first orbital cleaners. It's an AI-driven satellite, that removes space junk. The satellite recognizes the target automatically and then touches it and puts it in the box, which takes the junk back on Earth. That thing allows researching how the components of satellites can resist cosmic radiation. And that kind of data can help to create better materials and solutions for the satellites. 

The UK space agency has been funded that project with £1 million. That means there is a requirement for that kind of artificial intelligence-driven system that collects the junk from orbiters.

The orbital trajectories require cleaning. There are thousands or even millions of pieces of satellites, their parts, rocket stages, and everything else in space. And there is always danger that space junk is hitting the operating satellites. There are also nuclear reactors and other kinds of systems that can cause dangerous situations if they are dropping on Earth.

Those nuclear reactors contain highly enriched plutonium, and that makes them extremely dangerous. The small-size nuclear reactors are delivering electricity for the satellites that are using high-power radars or active sensors. Those reactors need to have a compact size and give very much power. So the nuclear fuel of those reactors needs the same enrichment level as plutonium used in nuclear weapons. 

Clearspace 1 has got its innovation from viruses. The system has multiple manipulator arms. That it uses for touching the satellites. This system can also have laser or microwave systems that can help to crush the satellite to the garbage can. 

Space junk is dangerous for satellites. And there is no endless space in the trajectories. The junk removal system is thin, that collets the satellites which mission is over and which are turning silent. The thing is that the "Clearspace 1" can assist the satellites in situations that their protective core is not opening as it should. And it can fix broken satellites if it has the right manipulators for that mission. So the same system can have many missions. 

Another reason, why space junk wanted to collect is national security. The highly classified parts of the recon and other military satellites are not wanted to get into the outsider's hands. 

Another reason why space operators want to remove space junk. Is that some broken satellites are containing highly classified information. Those satellites are used for recon and other military missions like satellite communication between troops and headquarters. So they are containing data that should not deliver anywhere. 

And that kind of satellite wanted to recover to Earth for investigations. One thing that the search team wants to find out. Are there marks for weapon use against that kind of target? Or is something tried to touch that satellite? Is there is some kind of damages that is causing by some kind of weapons? 

()https://scitechdaily.com/what-goes-up-must-come-down-helping-clean-up-space-junk-with-first-of-its-kind-mission-optimizer/

Image:()https://scitechdaily.com/what-goes-up-must-come-down-helping-clean-up-space-junk-with-first-of-its-kind-mission-optimizer/

()https://kimmoswritings.blogspot.com/2021/08/the-clearspace-1-collects-junk-out-from.html

The quantum tugs between water molecules can be more fundamental than nobody even imagined.

"AN ANIMATION SHOWS HOW A WATER MOLECULE RESPONDS AFTER BEING HIT WITH LASER LIGHT... AS THE EXCITED WATER MOLECULE STARTS TO VIBRATE, ITS HYDROGEN ATOM (WHITE) TUGS OXYGEN ATOMS (RED) FROM NEIGHBORING WATER MOLECULES CLOSER, BEFORE PUSHING THEM AWAY, EXPANDING THE SPACE BETWEEN THE MOLECULES. THIS NEW VIEW OF AN EFFECT THAT’S THOUGHT TO BE BEHIND MANY OF WATER’S STRANGE PROPERTIES WAS CREATED WITH SLAC’S MEV-UED “ELECTRON CAMERA,” WHICH BLASTS SAMPLES WITH SHORT PULSES OF HIGH-ENERGY ELECTRONS TO LOOK INSIDE. CREDIT: GREG STEWART/SLAC NATIONAL ACCELERATOR LABORATORY" (Image: https://scitechdaily.com/origin-of-waters-strange-properties-scientists-capture-a-quantum-tug-between-neighboring-water-molecules/)

The quantum tug between water molecules can be the thing that causes strange properties. But that thing can also open the road to understanding things like gravitation better. And the great question is, can the gravitation base the same way to quantum tugs as the strange interaction between water molecules. 

There is also the possibility that between all other atoms and molecules is the quantum tugs. That are explaining the three elements of the material are solid, liquid and gas.

The quantum tug between water molecules can be the thing that causes strange properties. That thing is interesting because other materials have the three states of matter, liquid, solid, gas. Oops, I forgot the plasmatic state of matter, and the water also acts like plasma in the strong magnetic fields. The polarity of water molecules causes that the magnets can affect to those molecules. 

But the thing is that also metals and other materials are turning to liquid and gas while the temperature is rising high enough. That thing means that there could (or will) be quantum tugs between the atoms and molecules. That are forming the other materials like iron or silicon. The reason why water is turning to gas or vapor. Can be found that the distance between the molecules rises too high when the temperature rises. And the quantum tugs cannot touch the molecules anymore. 

The melting process of the materials is always similar. The rising temperature causes that the material turns softer and then it will turn liquid. So that means the process that happens in the water is similar to iron atoms. 

And the quantum tugs can explain why the metals and other materials are turning superconducting in low temperatures. While the electron is facing the quantum tug, where is the hole or the tug is separated that jump between molecules takes the energy from the electron.

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The quantum brains 

The quantum tugs can make it possible to make the "quantum brains" the quantum neurocomputer, the most powerful data handling tool that has ever been imagined. In that system, the quantum tugs are acting as the synaptic gaps. 

The quantum tugs are causing the idea that this thing can be used for making microscopic artificial neurons. That thing makes it possible to make the "quantum brains" the quantum nervous computer. The quantum neuro computer is one of the most powerful data handling tools that have ever been imagined. 

In that case, the rows of the water molecules, some other ions or electrons can connect to the corners of the fullerene molecule. That system is extremely fast and powerful hybridization between quantum and neurocomputer. That thing can be the revolutionary design in learning computers. 

Learning process in the world of computers is simply expanding the number of the skill. Or otherwise saying the number of stored and sorted data in databases and connections between those databases are increasing when computer learns. 

In quantum neural computers, the qubits or electrons are acting as neurotransmitters. The electrons are traveling between the molecules in the quantum wires that are created by the rowed ions. And the quantum tugs are acting in the same role as the synaptic gaps in the human nervous system. And the role of the electrons or qubits in this system is the same. As the neurotransmitters in the living nervous system. 

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The quantum tugs can be the same way revolutionary with the fifth natural force. 

Is the origin of the quantum tugs in the movement of gluons between the quarks? The quantum tug is the movement in the quantum field of the atoms. That are forming the molecules. So is some kind of quantum tug behind the gravitation?

The quantum tugs are moving between molecules like gluons are moving between the quarks in the protons and neutrons. So can there be some particle that moves between the electrons and nucleus of the atom? And can the quantum tug be the key to mysterious gravitation?

Is gravitation the group of quantum tugs between planets and other great atomic groups? The idea is that gravitation is the quantum tugs that are getting more power for their punch when there are larger groups of atoms behind them. If the large group of atoms is kicking quantum tugs. That gives them more force than the kick of the single quarks. 

The gluons are forming similar quantum tugs between quarks like the atoms of water molecules are forming quantum tugs between other molecules.  And if we are concluding that the same effect continues also in the larger scale structures the gravitation could also be some kind of group of the quantum tugs. 

There are lots more quarks behind those kicks than the quantum tugs between the protons and neutrons. They are interacting longer distances than if there is only a couple of the molecules behind the punch of the quantum tugs. So the quantum tugs are taking their energy from the quantum fields of the atoms. 

And the fundamental idea is that the quantum tugs are the key to gravitation or the fifth fundamental interaction. So quantum tug is the effect that is forming in the movement of gluons. Travels through the nucleus of atoms and electron core turn to gravitation that travels across the universe. 

Can the quantum tug be the key to the GUT (Grand Unified Theory)? Is it the magic stick, that helps to connect the gravitation with other fundamental interactions? The fundamental interaction means the same as a fundamental force because all of the forces (strong and weak nuclear forces, electromagnetism, and gravitation) are at the same time pulling and pushing particles. 

As an example, the gravitational interaction means that Earth is pulling the dropping apple to it. But Apple is also pulling Earth to it. So the Earth and Apple are both moving but we cannot just measure the movement of the Earth because it is too small for the measure. 

So the quantum tugs are the things that are moving back and forth between the molecules. Just like gluons are moving between the quarks inside the protons and neutrons. That observation can be the same way revolutionary in the world of physics like some fifth fundamental interaction. That quantum tug between molecules can take researchers closer to find the mysterious graviton. 

And why I wrote this? The reason for that is that if we are thinking the matter from the smallest particles to the biggest entirety we might see that the reactions and interactions that are happening between the subatomic particles like quarks and gluons should happen between the larger structures. 

Now research is found a similar interaction between molecular structures that are happening between quarks. So is there some kind of quantum tugs or groups of quantum tugs between the macro-molecules like planets and stars?

If something happens between the water molecules that thing should also happen between larger materials structures. So is the gravitation of the tugs between the large molecular structures? Can the quantum tug between the water molecules answer the question, "why the gravitation is so different than other fundamental interactions"? And can the quantum tug be the key to the GUT (Grand Unified Theory)? The magic stick combines the fundamental interactions to the most fundamental theory in history. 

()https://bigideas.network/the-fabric-of-reality/physics/the-4-fundamental-interactions

()https://scitechdaily.com/origin-of-waters-strange-properties-scientists-capture-a-quantum-tug-between-neighboring-water-molecules/

()https://www.space.com/four-fundamental-forces.html

()https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_interaction

()https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Unified_Theory

()https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Model#:~:text=The%20Standard%20Model%20%28SM%29%20of%20physics%20is%20a,is%20the%20one%20the%20model%20does%20not%20explain.

()https://kimmoswritings.blogspot.com/2021/08/the-quantum-tugs-between-water.html

The new quantum computers can be table-sized

The next-generation quantum computer can fit in the mobile telephone. That means the computers are turning to the quantum era. And that is the end of silicon. The breakthrough in quantum computers is making fiction possible. 

The new diamond-based quantum computers can work at room temperature and they can be more powerful, fit on the desk, easier to operate, and especially cheaper than any other quantum computer in the world. The thing that makes those new diamond-based, compact-size quantum computers the most effective system in the world is that they can form the two-state quantum system.

Each of those quantum computers has an internal quantum system, but those small-size quantum computers can form the network or macro-qubit. Those computers can install to the ring around the radio transmitter. The radio waves can be used as data transporter of the qubit. In that kind of radio-based system, every frequency is a certain layer or state of the qubit. 

And that radio transmitter can send the data to those quantum computers and act as the qubit. That kind of multi-level quantum computer system can be the most powerful in the world. They are operating as the network, and that thing can act as the base for AI, which is more intelligent than humans. 

The thing in artificial intelligence is not how many neurons or layers the qubit can have. The thing is how fast those layers are handling and surround data in the system. In computing how effectively the system uses its components and how the software interacts with hardware are important. 

The colossal-size quantum computers can also be used as the controllers of the satellites. But that kind of system must use the remote control or the giant computer must build in the space. And that thing is the most expensive solution in the world of computing. 

When quantum computers are turning more common that thing will turn it cheaper. Large numbers of production make it possible that more and more software is also made for quantum computers. The ability to drive programs on the quantum platforms is making those machines the same way universal as the modern PC:s are. 

The advantage of quantum computers is so fast that the most modern quantum computers can be old-fashion after one month or even the next day. Another thing is that the automatized programming process is making quantum computers faster than we even expected. 

When the researchers are thought that developing the quantum computer is a similar process as developing Turing´s machine those people were wrong. The automatized data handling processes, assistance from supercomputers, and the ability to preprogram the quantum computer automatically before each operation make even the first quantum computers faster than researchers believed. 

In all computers, the computer must preprogram before every operation. That means the computer must stop and the memory of it must be empty. Before the new code has loaded to the processor. The problem with the microprocessor is that nobody can see outside is it stopped. 

If the processor is not done and the data line is empty. That causes a terrible mess. For avoiding that mess computer asks the processor: "are you ready?".

Then processor answers "yes" and that thing allows to send the data to it. That process takes time, and even less than a millisecond halt is easy to notice if the problem consists of billions of calculations.  In quantum computers, the state that receives the mission must be ready in the same way as a regular computer. But in a quantum computer, the busy layer can send the data to another layer or state without the need to stop the machine first. 

In the time of Turing, that thing was made by hand. But in modern days, the preprogramming of the computer is done by using the automatized processes. And that makes modern binary computers faster than some Turing's machines can be. 

As I wrote in quantum computers, only one of its states or layers must be ready for receiving the information. And that makes the system more immune to programming errors. If there seems to be an error in the program code. The system sends the part of the program where is the problem to another layer. 

Then that layer can deliver the data to the other layers. And when the quantum computer is made and ready to use it can solve the complicated algorithms that are needed for creating more and more powerful quantum computers that have more and more states in their qubits. 

()https://sifted.eu/articles/diamond-quantum-computer/

()https://kimmoswritings.blogspot.com/2021/08/the-new-quantum-computers-can-be-table.html

The ants give models for the futuristic small-size robots that can make complex underground structures.

The ants are making large and complex underground cities. And those cities can use as a model for making the underground complexes. Ants are perfect models for small-size robot workers which can use for making large and complex structures. Unless the in the large-size mining robots the small-size robots are acting as a team, and the destroyed participants of the team are easy to replace. 

Those bugs are perfect team workers. And ants are giving ínteresting ideas for the creators of the AI-based independently operating drone swarms. And the newest idea is that the small-size robots can use for making large and complex underground bases. 

The miniature robots can produce by using robot factories in their operational area. 

So those miniature robot ants are the tools of the next-generation mining systems. The robot ants that are maybe the size of the microchips can have resonance, microwaves, or laser-based systems, which they can use for making the corridors in the underground areas. The purpose of those systems is to break the rock. The idea of those mechanical ants is that they are acting as a team. 

They might be connected with the robot factory, where they are taking the raw materials for the new robot ants. Those systems might be made mainly by using silicon, which allows it to use solar power. If that robot factory is allowing to make the new members to the group. That means those robots can make chains for delivering electricity for the robots. Those are working underground. The energy can deliver by using laser rays. 

The robots can also use lasers and spectroscopes to find the raw material for the new robots that are produced in the robot factory. Those robot factories can be the size of the containers or they can be modular systems that are transported to the place. And the factory has the systems like microwave and laser-based melting systems and centrifuges that are separated the raw materials for the microchips and robots that are making them. The system can use 3D printing technology as much as possible. 

The "artificial cell" is the AI-controlled robot factory that can order its sub-robots for finding the raw materials for new robots. But the system can also create new factories for making more and more robots. 

The group of robots is acting like ants. They are forming entirety. Where all participants act like one individual. That group is AI-controlled and every individual is sharing the data. with other members of the group. And if there is a problem that robot calls assistance. 

If some part of the group has problems the AI orders them to make things like aiming the lasers to one point or call other robot ants to the place. Or they can start to use things like resonance for making the process faster. Together those robots have the power to cut hard materials like granite. 

But those modular systems can also connect their lasers for the entirety. They can make a chain. And then the lasers are forming the one big laser

The thing that this system requires is energy. Of course, it can be nuclear powered, but the factory can use solar power geothermal energy, or some other green energy source. For benefiting geothermal energy the factory requires the laser drill that is making the deep hole to the ground. 

And then the power element is put in that hole. In that kind of case, the factory controls the robot ants, and it can also command them to make a new factory if a larger group of robot ants is needed. And as I wrote the robots can use laser spectrometers for searching suitable raw materials for the system. 

()https://scitechdaily.com/the-incredible-secret-science-of-ants-underground-cities-how-ants-build-amazingly-complex-and-stable-structures/

()https://kimmoswritings.blogspot.com/2021/08/the-ants-give-models-for-futuristic.html

Bioships are large-scale robots which are using biological components for their vital actions.

The "cyborg submarine" (The electric eel that carries a backpack, where is all needed sensors)

There is introduced a vision to hybridize electric eel and small-size submarine to the cyborg submarine. The electric eel would be in the chamber. And it produces electricity for the miniature submarine which can be used for both civil and military purposes. The " cyborg submarine" is the backpack that is connected to the fish, and it controls it by using neural-electric stimulation. The electric eel is the motor and the electric producer for that system. 

The electrodes collect the electricity and stimulate the nervous system of that fish to make the electricity to the systems of that small-size submarine. That submarine or backpack can equip with cameras, laser systems, or whatever is needed. 

The things like the electric-forming cells of the electric eels can use for making electricity for many systems. That kind of biological power source can deliver electricity to nanomachines and mobile devices. That thing requires that the chambers where those cells are connected and theoretically there is no limit for the size of the chamber series. The limit is in the nutrient that this thing needs. 

But in some wild visions, those electric produce cells can benefit as biological power sources. Theoretically, those cells could use to make electricity for larger size things like mobile telephones computers, and even small-sized electric cars. 

One of the most interesting ideas in the world is the "bioships" or bio machines. Those machines can be interstellar spacecraft, which are using the biological parts for their vital actions. Stephen King's novel "The Tommyknockers" is introduced one version of the bioship. 

In that book is the alien "galleon", where the aliens pedal the generator for making energy for the systems of that craft. Those kinds of ideas are always fascinating. And they are bringing brand new ideas for the systems, which must operate centuries. 

And they are bought an idea of the bioships. The self-repairing spacecraft and robots in the mind of the futurologist. There are three versions of futuristic and hypothetical bioships.

1) The living neurons are controlling the actions of the spacecraft (or aircraft)

The craft uses living neurons to control its actions. The idea is similar to the drones that are using neurons to control themselves. But in that case, the craft and the mass of neurons are much higher. And in some visions, the central computer of the craft is the brain, what are under the domes. 

Those brains are controlling the computers and entire craft by transmitting their EEG through the computer which decodes the EEG  to control the systems. And the same way the computer decodes the feedback of the system to the living brain tissue. That kind of craft can be the final hybridization between intelligent race and machine. 

The futuristic craft must have the plants where it grows nutrients for that tissue. But that is one of the ways, how to solve the problems of interstellar travel. 

Also, the crew members can use BCI (Brain-Computer Interface) for controlling spacecraft or the regular aircraft. That interface is not requiring surgical implants. The needed thing is that the electrodes are collecting data from the brains. And send those EEG curves to a computer are put in the hat or helmet. 

2) The electricity for the systems is created by using biological components.

 The electricity for the systems is created by using biological components. Those biological components can be the same cells that are creating electricity for electric eels. The electric level of those cells can rise very high. 

The neural system includes electricity. That means that this electricity can collect from the batteries. And that kind of thing can use as the auxiliary power for the craft. 

Or that system can base the large groups of bacteria or the cells. That is producing very high voltage electricity. The cells that are making electricity for electric eels can act as biobatteries. And a large group of those cells can operate power sources for ion engines and deliver electricity to the systems of the craft or space stations.

In the most exotic visions, The cloned or artificial muscle cells can use to rotate the generator. And that thing is making possible that the craft can operate very long time. The cells are forming artificial muscles that are used to rotate wheels that are moving the power sources. 

3) The self-repairment of the craft bases the bacteria or the DNA-controlled crystals. 

 The self-repairment of the craft bases the bacteria or the DNA-controlled crystals. In that case, the silicon core algae or bacteria can be used to form the structures used to close the leak of the craft. That kind of algae can form the base that is covered by carbon fiber. 

That kind of system might be very effective for repairing structures. And that thing means that this kind of organic technology can be the base of tomorrow's space and another kind of technology. 

The things that are described above can also work in human-size robots. 

The "alien autopsy" is offering innovation about the futuristic robot. Which can use the methods that are described above. 

These kinds of machines are not necessarily very large-size. And the thing that is introduced in the Alien autopsy film is given an innovation for the robot, which is using the living neurons for controlling its systems. The idea is that in the robot are the tubes, where the mycoplasma is pumped. 

And then the virus will transform that mycoplasma into neurons. There are sensors all around the tubes, which are sending the data to the servo-engines that are moving the robots. This is one of the visions of neural system-controlled machines. But the practical solution needs more work and maybe in the future, that thing is possible to make in real life. 

()https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_eel

(https://kimmoswritings.blogspot.com/2021/08/bioships-are-large-scale-robots-which.html)

Why are things like bacteria and bugs interested in the developers of AI?

Why are things like bacteria and bugs interested in the developers of AI?

The bacteria have chemical brains.  That brain is the chemical control system that is in the DNA ring called a plasmid. The DNA plasmid's mission is to control the everyday actions of bacteria. The code that is stored in that DNA is not very complicated. 

But that DNA ring is controlling everything that bacteria needs. Copying that DNA code to the electric form is possible to make the control algorithms for the robots. That has limited data handling ability. Those kinds of robots are miniature aerial vehicles or MAVs. 

There is the possibility that the MAVs:s will connect with the neurons taken from the bugs. That kind of system can use to find things like chemicals or people from some area. In that case, the need for food is turned to searching for wanted things. 

This thing means that the code that controls things like living organisms or robots must not be complicated. Simple but effective code is making the thing acting effectively.  By searching things like bacteria and flies is possible to make small and independently operating robots that can make missions like search fire, go in the houses and search things like humans, chemicals, and radioactive material.

When researchers are observing things like flies they are trying to make the model how the fly is looking the route out. The fly does not know that there is no way out through the window. So when it seems that the window is offering the route out, it will start to push itself to the window, and then the fly will start systematically search the point, where it can slip out. That means that not the number of neurons. 

But also the way how to use them. And how they are interacting with senses are making the flies so successful organism. The fly has all information inside its DNA and its neurons. They are telling what kind of things are a threat. There are not many actions what the fly can use but it uses its tricks very effectively.  And that interaction and way to solve problems can model to the small-size aerial vehicles. 

The system of the independently operating robot is basing the idea that the sensors of the system are cooperating with the computers. The infrared cameras, the chemical detector, or the miniaturized Geiger-Müller sensor are leading the robot to the point, where the searched things like radioactive materials or poisonous chemicals are.  

The system bases the miniaturized computers that are used in the chip cards. And then for each of the sensors will be connected to their microchip. Each of the microchips is handling only one sensor. And the system is just flying in the direction where it gets the smell of the merchandise that it is ordered for search.

https://kimmoswritings.blogspot.com/2021/08/why-are-things-like-bacteria-and-bugs.html

The problem with computing is how to handle errors?

In traditional systems when the error level is rising the swapper-server will change the event handlers. But the problem is, how to determine the error level that is allowing to swap to the other data handling segment. And what to do with the data processed in the other data handling segments if those segments are stuck?

In the case that this thing happens in the most powerful computers in the world, that thing can be a catastrophe. The time to get the most powerful computers in use might take very long. 

And if the data is lost in the last meters. In that case, all work is done for nothing. If the memory just cleaned. Data is lost. And if the next opportunity to use the same computer can hide after months, because there are rows of researchers waiting for the opportunity to use the most powerful calculators in the world. 

So that thing shows how important is the intermediate savings. If the data is lost the work that is used for the process is gone forever. And if the supercomputer is used weeks for solving some mathematical simulation loss of that data is not a very good thing. Taking that kind of system reserved for a long time is very hard. And the time of the most powerful computers is limited. Those systems are required for protein simulations and other kinds of things. 

So things like decimals of π or the list of prime numbers for proving that Riemann's hypothesis stands forever are probably not the highest priority tasks for the most powerful computers in the world. It is of course interesting is there the end for the prime number series is calculated by using Riemann's conjecture? 

But the most powerful computers are required for many other things. And that time of the quantum computers is same way limited. Everybody wants to get time from the most powerful calculators in the world. So that means the quantum computers are busy. 

Let's return to the halting problem. The computer must stop before it can take the new mission. But how the machine itself knows if it is stuck with the loop that takes forever? When the computer is working with some problem, it cannot tell if it is busy. 

And for eliminating that problem the computer must mark the certain points of the code that tells other parts of the system that it is working with "problem 127". So in this case the mark is the serial number of the program. And when the program is done the system will put the code with it that the data- or event handler is ready for the next mission. 

In the systems are the values. Like the mission time to determine how long the system is allowed to try to solve the problem. 

Those reports are telling that the data handling unit is busy, and if the marks are telling that the processor is working with the same problem there should be the controller that cuts the process if it takes too long. 

The system sends simultaneous reports to processors that are searching how it works. The report must not send only to one receiver, because there is the possibility that the system is stuck. 

When physical robots are trying to solve the "halting problem". There will be the protocol that the central computer will send the query if the system works fine. But the problem is that the data handling unit cannot tell that there is a problem. 

So the central command unit can move the legs and arms of the robot for making sure that every part of the computing system is working perfectly. If the system cannot get wanted feedback it must conclude that the processor that is controlling a certain microchip is stuck. 

The error level means that the system will get a certain number of unfinished tasks in a certain time unit. 

There can be fixed or so-called flexible answers for that problem. 

Handling error levels might base the fixed solution. That means the system will clear the memory if the satisfactory answers are not made in a certain time. Or the data handling unit is needed for the other missions that have the higher priority. 

But clearing the memory means that the work that is done is gone forever. The intelligent system will store the intermediate solution at the same time when they are sending a report which is the problem, what problem they are handling. But those answers are not flexible. 

In dummy systems, the data handler asks the assistance from other data- or event handlers. And if the problem is the so-called "loop that takes forever" that takes all other event handlers with it.  But if the control system is asking from other databases does the problem containing the data version of the Higg's bubble. 

In that case, one collapsing processor or event handler pulls all other event handlers or processors with it. But if the control system asks for help or information from other databases that will solve the problem. 

Artificial intelligence can turn to handle the error levels to the next level. And that thing is suitable especially for quantum computers. But also regular computers can benefit the intelligent technology. In intelligent and flexible solutions the control system has a copy of the problem that takes a long time. 

So the intelligent system can start to search data that is stored on the Internet about the problem that is hard for the system. The intelligent handler for error levels is asking for outside help. And if there is information that the problem is unable to solve, the system will order the data processor to cut work with its problem and release the event handler for the new mission. 

The error-handling is important also in quantum computers. Even the quantum computer is hard to lock by ordering them to work with loops that take forever because other layers will release the stuck layer. But the fact is that if many of the layers of the quantum computer will occupy by using the things like endless decimal numbers that thing will turn the quantum computer slow. 

Image: Pinterest

(https://kimmoswritings.blogspot.com/2021/08/the-problem-with-computing-is-how-to.html)