"Senescent cells are cells that have stopped dividing and are no longer able to perform their normal functions. They accumulate with age and have been linked to a number of age-related diseases, including arthritis, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegeneration". (ScitechDaily.com/New Strategy Could Eliminate Aging Cells)
The aging cells or so-called zombie cells are the main reason for tumors and other kinds of diseases. If the immune system can detect those zombie cells soon enough, it could deny those cells' transformation to cancer. Destroying single zombie cells is not a difficult task, but the problem is how to detect those over-aged cells. There is the possibility that the immune cells can detect the aging cell by using the same antigen that it can use to detect cytomegalovirus.
The killer immune cells called CD4 +T cells are using those antigens to detect aging cells from human skin. So there is the possibility that the reason for cancer is that the aging cells are not created that antigen and the immune cells cannot find those cells. That means there is a disorder or damage in the DNA that denies that cell cannot create that antigen. Researchers are known for a long time that when a cell is aging, it sends the chemical marks that its life is ending. But researchers did not know what that chemical mark is.
The problem is that all human cells must have similar antigen marks so that the immune cells can detect them. And that's why researchers must research all cell types before they can give universal testimonies. But if there is some common chemical mark that all cells use to tell immune cells that they are aging, that thing makes a cure for cancer closer than ever before.
"Experiments suggested that once a person becomes elderly, certain immune cells called killer CD4+ T cells are responsible for keeping senescent cells from increasing. Indeed, higher numbers of killer CD4+ T cells in tissue samples were associated with reduced numbers of senescent cells in old skin". (ScitechDaily.com/New Strategy Could Eliminate Aging Cells).
That knowledge can use to keep skin young. The idea is that the medicine just marks cells that are aging. In that case, the medicine just makes the chemical mark stronger. That helps the immune system to eliminate cells, which DNA is damaged. That gives room for wealthy cells. The problem is how medicine selects those cells.
But if those antigens are universal marks for the immune cells, that could be the breakthrough in the cure for skin cancer and anti-aging treatment. But if that is the universal mark of all cells in the human body, this thing means the breakthrough for cancer treatment.
"When they assessed how killer CD4+ T cells keep senescent cells in check, the researchers found that aging skin cells express a protein, or antigen, produced by human cytomegalovirus, a pervasive herpesvirus that establishes lifelong latent infection in most humans without any symptoms. By expressing this protein, senescent cells become targets for attack by killer CD4+ T cells". (ScitechDaily.com/New Strategy Could Eliminate Aging Cells)
The fact is that the simple gene test will uncover those missing DNA sequences. If that genetic disorder is hereditary, it's possible to make the DNA test in a morula-level embryo. And then replace that DNA sequence by using wealthy DNA. In that case, the lost DNA will connect near the end of the DNA.
And that helps those killer immune cells to detect the aging cells. But if that DNA damage happens because of an environment, that kind of gene therapy is not so simple. In the future, the immune cells will use more in chemotherapy. The idea is that the viruses can transfer the gene that calls immune cells into cancer cells.
But the problem with this therapy is that there should be something that transfers those viruses precisely into the right cells, and then those viruses will make cancer cells produce antigens that are calling immune cells to destroy them. If the wrong cells are starting to produce the antigen, that can destroy vital organs. But the fact is that destroying zombie cells before they transform into tumors is simpler than destroying tumors. But confirming that cell is a zombie cell is difficult.
https://scitechdaily.com/new-strategy-could-eliminate-aging-cells/
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